The treasure of Chinese calligraphy wakes up from the earth of thousands of years! What are the Chinese characters worth as gold?
Today I want to take my family to appreciate the treasures left to us by ancient history. I have seen words written on paper and stones. I have never seen anything written on gold. Let's go!
GUANZHONG HOU YIN
On January 13, 1985, at the Maigaoqiao Quarry in Qixia District, Nanjing City, China, workers were in full swing while bulldozing under the Zhutou Peak of Zhidu Mountain outside the central gate.
With the reflection of the sun, a bright light shining directly in front of the operator's eyes, he shouted loudly, look! What is on the soil layer, the timid is scared away, the courageous worker carefully approaches the golden light In this place,
I carefully pushed aside the buried soil layer with my hands, and heard the workers shouting, God! It is gold, and it is a gold seal.
By this time, the treasure that has been sleeping under the soil for a thousand years has finally woken up. This gold The print is square, with a total height of 0.82 inches and a side length of 0.94 inches. The animal above is 0.47 inches high, weighs 118 grams, and has a gold content of 85 percent.
The animal above is in the shape of a tortoise, with a tall head and swimming in four legs. The back is engraved with short lines and curved ruler patterns. The front is engraved with the four characters "Guanzhong Hou Yin" in white.
Chinese calligraphy is vigorous and powerful, and the carving is rough. "Guanzhong Hou Yin" means the golden seal of the ancient Chinese generals, reflecting the characteristics of the seal of the Wei and Jin Dynasty.
Emperor Wen's Seal
In October 1983, the seal of "Wen Emperor Xing Xi" was unearthed from the Tomb of the Nanyue King of the Western Han Dynasty in Xianggang Mountain, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, in October 1983.
The Western Han Dynasty, gold purity>98%, the seal face was inscribed with the words "Wen Emperor Xing Xi", unearthed on the chest of the owner , Should be the official seal of the Nanyue Wenwang's order.
"The Emperor Wen Xing Xi" uses the dragon as the button and is made of gold, breaking the rule that the emperor used the seal in the Qin and Han Dynasties to use white jade as the material and the Chihu as the button.
In addition, the Han Dynasty emperor's seal is "square inch two", which is equivalent At today's Approximately 1.1 inches, and the side length of the "Wen Di Xing Xi" of the Nanyue King is 1.22 inches, the latter is larger than the former.
This should be an ingenious and proud work of the Nanyue King, which caters to his dominance of Lingnan. The calligraphy of this chapter shows the emperor's domineering, upright and brave!
THE SEAL OF THE RIGHT LADY
Unearthed in the east chamber of the Tomb of King Nanyue Wenwang in Xianggang, Guangzhou in 1983, the golden seal of "The Seal of the Right Lady" was well preserved during the Western Han Dynasty.
All India is made of gold. The height is 0.63 inches, the side length is 0.87 inches, and it weighs 65 grams. The seal face is chiseled with the 4 characters "right lady's seal" in the seal script, and the font is solemn and square.
There are sidebars and cross border grids. The turtle button, the turtle body is relatively flat, the glans head is slightly protruding from the body, the turtle tail is short and downward, the carapace is engraved with scales, and the tortoise belly is hollow, which can be tied to the print ribbon.
This seal is from the east chamber and is printed with a "Zhao Lan" ivory seal. In ancient times, the right was respected, and "Mrs. Right" was regarded as the head of the concubines. "Madam Right" is only seen in Wusun country in "Historical Records" and "Han Shu".
The Nanyue Kingdom claimed to be a barbarian foreign feudal clan, and the Forbidden City had the same system as that of the ethnic minorities. The seal is now in the Museum of the Nanyue King of the Western Han Dynasty in Guangzhou.
XUANCHENG OFFICIAL SEAL
Unearthed in 1991 from the Tomb of Liu Hong in Huangshan Town, Anxiang County, the gold seal of "Xuancheng Official Seal" in Gui Niu, Western Jin Dynasty, seal 1×1 inch, weighing 165.8 grams, turtle head is high, turtle back arched, tail drooping, strong limbs, Hollow out under the abdomen.
The four characters "Xuancheng official seal" are inscribed in the seal body, which is the title of the tomb owner. Two seals were also unearthed from the same tomb. One is a double-sided bronze seal with "Liu Hong" and "Liu Heji" engraved with the name and characters of the owner of the tomb; the other is the gold seal of the "Zhennan General", which belongs to the owner of the tomb.
Official position. According to the "Book of Jin•Liu Hong Biography": "Liu Hong, the word and season", "With the virtue of honor and virtue, the title of Xuancheng Gong." "Tai'an Zhong, Zhang Chang made trouble...Take Hong Dynasty as the general of Zhennan, the governor The military of Jingzhou.” Liu Hong, in the Western Jin Dynasty, paid homage to the governor of Jingzhou and Ningshuo, Cheqi, and Zhennan to build the army.
He was given the title of “Xuancheng Gong” with "Xuancheng Merit". The unearth of these two gold seals not only confirms the credibility recorded in historical records, but also confirms the system that the generals of the "four towns" of the Jin Dynasty were dukes and all fake gold medals, which have high historical value.
ZHENNAN GENERAL ZHANG
Unearthed from the Tomb of Liu Hong in Huangshan Township, Anxiang County in 1991 "Zhennan General Zhang" gold seal ·
Western Jin Dynasty, seal 1×1 inch, height 0.87 inch, weight 131.5 grams, Collected by Hunan Provincial Museum. Gold tortoise button, printed seal script "Zhennan General's Seal", this seal is issued with the "Xuancheng Official Seal".
Liu Hong is the grandson of Liu Fu in the history of Cao Wei Yangzhou. He led the army to discuss the rebellion of Zhangchang, acting as the general of Zhennan and supervising the military affairs of Jingzhou. He died in the Xiangyang Army in August in the first year of Guangxi in the Western Jin Dynasty (306).
GUANGLING KING'S SEAL
It was unearthed in Ganquan Township, Hanjiang, Yangzhou, Jiangsu in 1981. The golden seal of Guangling King's seal was collected by Nanjing Museum during the historical period of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
The owner of the golden seal of Guangling King's seal in the Eastern Han Dynasty was Liu Jing, the king of Guangling. He was the ninth son of Guangwu Emperor Liu Xiu of the Eastern Han Dynasty. In the first year of Ping (58), he was canonized as the King of Guangling. After his death, the husband and wife joined together in Ganquan Mountain in Yangzhou. The seal is made of high-purity gold, with delicate tortoise buttons and exquisite decoration.
The Chinese calligraphy seal "Guangling King's Seal" is inscribed in the seal script. The layout is dense and dense, with straight lines and tunes, smooth and harmonious, firm and full.
KING OF HAN VENU
Unearthed at Shiga Island in the eastern suburbs of Fukuoka, Japan, the Golden Seal of the King of Venu was collected by the Fukuoka City Museum in Japan during the Han Dynasty.
The Golden Seal of "King of Han Venu" was discovered in 1784 on Shiga Island in the eastern suburbs of Fukuoka, Japan.
The stamp table is square in shape with snake buttons on it, and the buttons are full of chisel and caviar patterns, and the seal surface is inscribed with the 5 characters "King of Han Weinu" in the seal.
After the discovery of this seal, many scholars wrote articles that this golden seal might have been given to the Japanese envoy by Emperor Guangwu in the second year of Jianwu Zhongyuan.
However, there are many people who disagree with this view, especially in the past few decades of World War II, there have been continuous writings expressing different views.
The most important one is the "private seal theory." The so-called "private seal theory" is to believe that the seal of the "King of Han Vino" was not given by the Eastern Han Dynasty,
but a "private seal" cast by the local rulers themselves. This unsettled historical case was not truly resolved until the "Guangling King Seal" was unearthed.Chinese calligraphy has left historical evidence on this seal.
GENERAL'S SEAL OF PARTIAL GENERAL
The discovery of the golden seal was very accidental. It was found by Liu Dingquan, a citizen of Chongqing who was walking along the Jialing River in 1982, and then voluntarily donated it to the Chongqing Museum (the predecessor of the Chongqing China Three Gorges Museum).
The gold seal is 0.79 inch high, 0.47 inch high, 0.94 inch long, and weighs 108.95 grams. It is a square gold seal of tortoise in the Han Dynasty. After testing, its gold content is as high as 96% .
The five-character and three-line engraved "General's Seal of Partial General" in inscription is printed on seal and seal. The handwriting is clear and neat, and the seal is upright and strong.
The Eastern Han Dynasty Ying Shao’s "Han Guan Yi" clearly stated: "Prince kings, golden seals, Lutuo Niu. Liehou and even prime ministers, Tai Wei and San Gong, front and back left and right generals, golden seal turtle Niu."
According to the literature, the generals belonged to the generals. The assistants of the Kingdom were established in the Spring and Autumn Period. They are usually given by the emperor himself.
They enjoy a high status and prestige in the army. During the Three Kingdoms period, the generals of the Shu Kingdom Guan Yunchang and Zhao Zilong both worshipped this post.
GUANZHONG HOU YIN
Unearthed from the tomb No. 20 of Chenjiada Mountain in Changsha City in 1957, the gold seal of Gui Niu "Guanzhong Hou Yin"·Wei and Jin Dynasty. Seal 0.94×0.94 inches, height 0.84 inches, weighing 125 grams.
Jin Dynasty "Guanzhong Hou" Gui Niu golden seal , Chinese calligraphy and white seal script. This seal is made of gold, with a square seal seat, a tortoise button, an upturned tortoise head, a tortoise shell on the back, hollowed out under the abdomen, and a net-like back pattern that is carved very concisely.
dignified. The four-character "Guanzhong Hou Seal" in the seal script in white on the surface of the seal is engraved with vigour. The layout of the seal has got rid of the old customs of the Han palace seal, and no longer pays attention to the squareness and strictness, but strives for the charm of nature.
For example, the size of the four characters in the printed text is unequal, the kerning gap is large, and each character is in the horizontal and vertical, pretending to be skewed; the character "Guan" is a completely symmetrical character, but the right half is slightly larger than the left here.
Half; the "fu" radical on the left half is not only slanted, but also slightly larger than the right half. The middle of the word "Zhong" is slightly slanted to the left, the left side of the word "Hou" is too long and the center of gravity is unstable, and so on.
In short, the engraver emphasizes the randomness of knife handling in order to retain a certain degree of childishness. It is a rare freehand official seal among the existing ancient seals.
Moreover, this kind of freehand brushwork is not technically immature or unintentional. Its white text layout is completely shifted to the upper right,
resulting in a three-dimensional impression on the printed surface, and its ingenuity is clearly visible. In terms of the quality and shape of the seal, it is consistent with historical records.
BARBARIAN HOU YIN
Snake New "Barbarian Hou Yin" gold seal, During the Jin Dynasty of China, the printed surface was 0.9×0.9 inches, the height was 0.79 inches, and the weight was 91.2 grams.
Unearthed in Zhongzilin, Meixian Town, Pingjiang County in 1990, collected by Pingjiang County Cultural Relics Management Office.
This seal is strong and solemn in calligraphy, and it is rigorous in its duties at the time.
NATIONAL PULL SEAL
SHILUOHOU GOLD SEAL FRONT
GOLDEN SEAL OF MARSHAL YONGCHANG
These golden seals under the sleeping soil do not reflect the fine gold craftsmanship of China for five thousand years, but also reflect the profoundness and profoundness of Chinese calligraphy!
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